Makna semantik perkataan 'Basara' dan sinonimnya dalam Kamus Lisan Al Arab oleh Ibn Manzur

Semantic meaning for the word ‘Basara’ and its synonyms in Lisan al-Arab by Ibn Manzur

Authors

  • Norfarhana Ahmad Ghafar Ms.
  • Hishomudin Ahmad Faculty of Major Language Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33102/alazkiyaa39

Keywords:

linguistik, semantik, teori medan makna, sinonim, bahasa arab

Abstract

Sinonim merupakan salah satu cabang dalam Teori Medan Makna yang membahaskan tentang beberapa perkataan yang berbeza tetapi mempunyai makna yang sama. Terdapat beberapa kajian berkaitan sinonim dalam kajian semantik sama ada dari aspek perbandingan dua bahasa, pening-katan kosa kata dalam pembelajaran bahasa, dan analisa berkomputer. Namun, kajian berkaitan si-nonim dalam sesuatu bahasa kurang ditekankan, khususnya bahasa Arab yang kaya dengan perkataan sinonim. Kajian ini membincangkan tentang makna perkataan basara dan sinonimnya, iaitu raa, syahada, nazara dan lahaza. Kajian ini menggunakan data sekunder, iaitu kamus Lisan Al-Arab karangan Ibn Manzur dalam membuat perbandingan makna antara perkataan tersebut. Ia melibat-kan dua fasa kajian, iaitu: enam langkah yang dicadangkan oleh Braun dan Clark (2006) dalam kaedah analisa kandungan, dan kajian  perbandingan persamaan dan perbezaan yang memfokuskan kepada tiga makna utama secara hirarki. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat persamaan makna di antara perkataan basara dan sinonimnya kerana ia mempunyai lima makna berpusat. Wa-laubagaimanapun  setiap perkataan tersebut berbeza antara satu sama lain kerana ia mempunyai makna sampingan yang dapat diketahui melalui konteks ayat yang dibina.

References

Abdul Salim Mukrim. (1999). Taraduf fi haql Qurani. Kaherah: Muassasah al-Risalah.

Abdullah Hassan. (2013). Linguistik am. Selangor: PTS Professional Sdn. Bhd.

Azhar Muhammad. (2005). Beberapa Aspek Keunikan dan Keistimewaan Bahasa Arab sebagai Bahasa al-Quran. Jurnal Teknologi, 42(E), 61–75.

Berger, J. (n.d.). Ways of seeing. United Kingdom: British Broadcasting Corporation and Penguin Books.

Clark, J. H., & Hannon, C. J. (2007). A classifier system for author recognition using synonym-based features. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 4827, 839–849. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76631-5_80

Faridah Nazir, & Faiziah Shamsudin. (2014). Semantik dan peristilahan Bahasa Melayu. Selangor: Penerbitan Multimedia Sdn. Bhd.

Geeraerts, D. (2009). Theories of Lexical Semantics (Issue October). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198700302.001.0001

Gliozzo, Alfio; Stapparava, C. (2009). Semantic domains in computational linguistics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68158-8

Ibn Manzur Jamaluddin Muhammad bin Mukram. (1990). Lisan al-Arab. Beirut: Dar Sader.

Azhar Muhammad. (2005). Beberapa aspek keunikan dan keistimewaan bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa al-Quran. Jurnal Teknologi, 42(E), 61–75.

Geeraerts, D. (2009). Theories of lexical semantics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198700302.001.0001

Inkpen, D., & Hirst, G. (2006). Building and using a lexical knowledge base of near-synonym differences. Computational Linguistics, 32(2), 223–262. https://doi.org/10.1162/coli.2006.32.2.223

Jamil Qasim Hameed. (2013). Evaluation of the semantic field theory and componential analysis as theoretical approaches of potential value to vocabulary acquisition : With special reference to the learner’s Collocational Competence. Journal of the College of Arts, (64), 1–27.

Kadar M. Yusuf. (2013). Indera manusia menurut al-Quran dan psikologi konvensional: Suatu kajian perbandingan. Jurnal Hadhari, 6(2), 55–69.

Karim Nazari Bagha. (2011). A short introduction to semantics. Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 2(6), 1411–1419. https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.2.6.1411-1419

Muhammad Marwan Ismail, & Wan Moharani Mohammad. (2009). Kajian semantik dan mu’jam Arabiy. Nilai: Penerbit USIM.

Muller, P., Hathout, N., & Gaume, B. (2006). Synonym extraction using a semantic distance on a dictionary. Proceedings of the First Workshop on Graph Based Methods for Natural Language Processing, (June), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.3115/1654758.1654773

Noor Eliza Abdul Rahman, & Mohd Shahrizal Nasir. (2014). Faktor kewujudan sinonim dalam bahasa Melayu dan Arab : Satu analisis perbandingan. Jurnal Melayu, 12(1), 51–69.

Nurulhayati Zulfadinamis, & Che Ibrahim Salleh. (2015). Konsep sinonim dalam teks terjemahan novel “ The Pearl ” ke dalam bahasa melayu oleh Abdullah Hussain ( The concept of equivalence in the translation of the pearl). Journal of Business and Social Development, 3(2), 80–95.

Rusmadi Baharudin, Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin, & Imran Ho-Abdullah. (2013). Sumbangan framenet kepada leksikografi korpus : Kajian kes penyelidikan makna kata kerja ‘melihat’. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 13(1), 61–81.

Shah, M. (2008). The Arabic language. In The Islamic World (pp. 261–277). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.2307/417554

Sidang Editor. (2013). Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

Vinet, L., & Zhedanov, A. (2010). A “missing” family of classical orthogonal polynomials. International Multiconference in Computer Science and Information Technology, 331–338. https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/44/8/085201

Zulkifley Hamid. (2015). Semantik. In Linguistik Melayu (95–105). Selangor: Penerbit UKM.

Zulkifley Hamid, Ramli Md. Salleh, & Rahim Aman. (2015). Linguistik Melayu. Selangor: Penerbit UKM.

Downloads

Published

30-10-2023
CITATION
DOI: 10.33102/alazkiyaa39
Published: 30-10-2023

How to Cite

Ahmad Ghafar, N., & Ahmad, H. (2023). Makna semantik perkataan ’Basara’ dan sinonimnya dalam Kamus Lisan Al Arab oleh Ibn Manzur: Semantic meaning for the word ‘Basara’ and its synonyms in Lisan al-Arab by Ibn Manzur. Al-Azkiyaa - International Journal of Language and Education, 2(2), 13–31. https://doi.org/10.33102/alazkiyaa39

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Norfarhana Ahmad Ghafar, Hishomudin Ahmad

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

For all articles published in Al-Azkiyaa journal, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work, while ensuring that the authors receive proper credit.

In exceptional circumstances articles may be licensed differently. If you have specific condition (such as one linked to funding) that does not allow this license, please mention this to the Al-Azkiyaa Managing Editorial. Exceptions will be granted at the discretion of the publisher.