Pendekatan Peneguhan (Al-Targhib) dalam Pendidikan Kanak-Kanak: Tinjauan dari Perspektif Psikologi Islam dan Retorik Al-Quran
Reinforcement Approach (Al-Targhib) in Children's Education: A Review From The Perspective of Islamic Psychology and Al-Qur'an Rhetoric
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/alazkiyaa.v1i2.32Keywords:
pendidikan, peneguhan, psikologi Islam, retorik al-Quran, retorik Arab, education, reinforcement approach, Islamic psychology, Quranic rhetoric, Arabic rhetoricAbstract
Education is a basic human need in lifelong learning to develop physical, emotional, spiritual, intellectual and social. The philosophy of education is to penetrate elements of knowledge and wisdom, skills, attitudes, abilities and values towards individuals. The application of these elements should go through the educational process of teaching and learning with various approaches, methods, techniques and strategies. However, the approach in the ecosystem of teaching and learning is the reinforcement approach. Therefore, this paper examines the reinforcement approach in children's education from the perspective of Islamic psychology and the Quranic rhetoric. This study is a qualitative study by analyzing the text of the Qur'an, the Hadith and resources from Islamic psychology. As a result of the study, the reinforcement approach either positive or negative taught by al-Quran, al-Hadith, and Islamic psychology is important in shaping individual identity, self-development and quality learning process in children's education.
ABSTRAK
Pendidikan merupakan salah satu keperluan asas manusia dalam pembelajaran sepanjang hayat bagi membangunkan potensi jasmani, emosi, rohani, intelek dan sosial. Inti pati pendidikan adalah menerapkan elemen ilmu dan hikmah, kemahiran, sikap, keupayaan dan nilai-nilai yang sesuai dengan fitrah diri insan yang terdidik. Penerapan elemen-elemen tersebut perlu melalui proses pendidikan iaitu pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) yang menggunakan pelbagai pendekatan, kaedah, teknik dan strategi tertentu. Salah satu pendekatan penting dalam ekosistem PdP ialah pendekatan peneguhan. Justeru, makalah ini mengupas pendekatan peneguhan (targhib) dalam pendidikan kanak-kanak dari perspektif psikologi Islam dan retorik al-Quran. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif yang menggunakan kaedah analisis teks al-Quran, al-Hadis dan kajian dari perspektif psikologi Islam. Dapatan mendapati bahawa peneguhan sama ada peneguhan positif atau peneguhan negatif yang disarankan oleh al-Quran, al-Hadis, dari sudut psikologi Islam dalam pendidikan kanak-kanak penting bagi kejayaan pembentukan jati diri, pembangunan diri dan proses pembelajaran yang berkualiti.
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