Pertembungan penggunaan perkataan Arab dengan tamadun barat: Pemerhatian deskriptif dalam akhbar Arab
The clash of Arabic word usage with western civilization: A descriptive observation on Arabic newspaper
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/alazkiyaa14Keywords:
Pertembungan Bahasa; Morfologi Arab; Tamadun Barat, MSAAbstract
Abstrak
Sejarah ketamadunan manusia yang panjang menyaksikan pertembungan sengit antara tamadun Islam dan tamadun barat serta saling mempengaruhi antara satu sama lain dari pelbagai aspek kehidupan. Aspek bahasa dan sosio-budaya adalah antara kesan persaingan ini yang dapat dilihat. Namun, realiti masa kini yang menyaksikan tamadun barat mendominasi kehidupan masyarakat maju melalui ciptaan-ciptaan moden dalam sains dan teknologi, bahasa Arab tidak terkecuali terpengaruh dari bahasa-bahasa yang digunakan di barat. Kemasukan banyak istilah baharu dari barat ke dalam bahasa Arab menyebabkan para sarjana bahasa mengagaskan istilah baharu Bahasa Arab Moden Standard (MSA) bagi menandakan era baharu perkembangan bahasa berbanding bahasa Arab klasik yang digunakan dalam al-Quran dan teks-teks klasik. Justeru, kertas ini bertujuan untuk menilai sejauh mana ketahanan bahasa Arab dari aspek morfologi mengharungi cabaran dalam situasi ini. Ia juga mengkaji sejauh mana morfologi Arab boleh bertoleransi dalam menerima beberapa ciri perkataan dan frasa dari bahasa asing. Seterusnya kertas ini juga menganalisa secara ringkas beberapa artikel akhbar dari lima buah negara Arab bagi melihat persamaan dan perbezaaan penggunaan perkataan dan frasa asing mewakili negara masing-masing. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa bahasa Arab mempunyai asas yang kukuh untuk menerima beberapa perkataan asing. Ia berlaku melalui pelbagai kaedah iaitu samada penerimaan terus sesuatu perkataan tanpa perubahan, penerimaan terus dengan keakuran terhadap kepada sistem linguistik Arab atau melalui pembentukan kata terbitan Arab baharu.
Kata kunci: Pertembungan Bahasa; Morfologi Arab; Tamadun Barat, MSA
Abstract
The long history of human civilization witnessed an intense clash between Islamic and western civilization resulting in influence between each other in various aspects of life. Language and socio-cultural aspects are among the consequence of this clash. Today’s reality that sees western civilization dominated the modern society way of life through their continuous inventions in science and technology, Arabic language is no exception effected by the languages used in the west. As a results, the new term of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) has been introduced in the Arab world to indicate a new era of significant language development as compared to Classical Arabic used in Quranic versus and traditional Arabic text. This paper aims to investigate to what extend the Arabic language is resilient to face the challenges of this situation in morphological aspect. It also examines how Arabic morphology can be tolerant in accepting new words and phrases from foreign languages. Several newspaper articles from five Arab countries were studied to find out similarities and differences in the use of foreign words and phrases representing those countries. Findings show that Arabic language has strong justifications to tolerate with numerous foreign words. It occurs through several methods in adaption, either by direct acceptance of a word without modification or subjected to the Arabic linguistics system, or through the formation of new Arabic derivation
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